Your debt-to-income ratio is the single most important number in mortgage lending — more important than your credit score for determining how much you can borrow. DTI is calculated by dividing your total monthly debt payments by your gross monthly income. A DTI of 36% or below is considered good. Most conventional mortgages require DTI under 43%, while FHA loans allow up to 50% with compensating factors. A $75,000 salary with $1,500 in monthly debt payments gives you a DTI of 24% — leaving comfortable room for a mortgage payment.

Debt-to-Income Calculator

Calculate your debt-to-income ratio to see if you qualify for a mortgage.

Front-End DTI
Back-End DTI
Qualification Status

DTI Qualification Ranges

General lender guidelines

DTI Range Rating Likelihood of Approval
Under 28%ExcellentVery high — best rates available
28-36%GoodHigh — qualifies for most programs
36-43%FairModerate — may need compensating factors
43-50%BorderlineLow — limited to FHA or special programs
Over 50%PoorVery low — unlikely without exceptions

How to Use This Calculator

  1. Enter your gross monthly income — before taxes and deductions
  2. List all monthly debt payments: mortgage/rent, car loans, student loans, credit card minimums, personal loans
  3. View your front-end DTI (housing costs only) and back-end DTI (all debts)
  4. See how much additional monthly debt you could take on while staying under key thresholds
  5. Use this to determine your maximum affordable mortgage payment

How It Works

This debt-to-income calculator uses standard formulas to provide accurate results.

The basic rule:

  • Front-End DTI = Housing Payment / Gross Monthly Income × 100
  • Back-End DTI = Total Monthly Debt / Gross Monthly Income × 100

Tax laws and financial markets change frequently. Verify current rates with your financial institution.

Tips & Considerations

  • Lenders use your minimum required payments, not what you actually pay. If your credit card minimum is $25 but you pay $500, only $25 counts toward DTI.
  • Paying off a car loan before applying for a mortgage can dramatically improve your DTI and increase your approved loan amount by $50K-$100K.
  • Student loans on income-driven repayment plans use the IDR payment amount for DTI calculations, not the standard 10-year payment.
  • A DTI under 36% qualifies you for the best mortgage rates. Between 36-43% you can still qualify but may pay higher rates or need a larger down payment.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a good DTI ratio?

Most lenders prefer a back-end DTI of 36% or less. FHA loans allow up to 43%, and some lenders go to 50% with strong compensating factors like high credit scores or large reserves.

What is front-end vs back-end DTI?

Front-end DTI includes only housing costs. Back-end DTI includes all monthly debt payments. Lenders primarily look at back-end DTI.

How do I lower my DTI?

Pay off debts, increase income, or reduce the mortgage amount you are seeking. Even paying off a small car loan can significantly improve your ratio.

Does DTI affect my interest rate?

Not directly, but a high DTI may limit you to certain loan programs with higher rates. Lower DTI gives you access to the best rates and terms.